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France, Gandrange, 16 January 2008 - Mittal Steel iron and steel metallurgy restructuring.
France, Gandrange, 16 January 2008 - Mittal Steel iron and steel metallurgy restructuring.
France, Gandrange, 16 January 2008 - Mittal Steel iron and steel metallurgy restructuring.
France, Gandrange, 16 January 2008 - Mittal Steel iron and steel metallurgy restructuring.
France, Gandrange, 16 January 2008 - Mittal Steel iron and steel metallurgy restructuring.
France, Gandrange, 16 January 2008 - Mittal Steel iron and steel metallurgy restructuring.
France, Gandrange, 16 January 2008 - Mittal Steel iron and steel metallurgy restructuring.
France, Gandrange, 16 January 2008 - Mittal Steel iron and steel metallurgy restructuring.
France, Gandrange, 16 January 2008 - Mittal Steel iron and steel metallurgy restructuring.
France, Gandrange, 16 January 2008 - Mittal Steel iron and steel metallurgy restructuring.
France, Gandrange, 16 January 2008 - Mittal Steel iron and steel metallurgy restructuring.
France, Calais, 2002
France, Sète, September - November 2010.
Brazil, January 10, 2018 - In the bowels of Brazilian inequality, in the difficulty of remembering our history, our origins, anomia generates the feeling of that « which must not be named ». It occurs when individuals feel pressured to violate norms. A man walks through camps in an illegal mine in the interior of Bahia.
China, Datong, 2006 - Chen Guiyin, 25, is a truck driver. He drives 19 tons of coal in his truck, on mountainous roads. "Legally, the limit is 7 tons, but noone observes it. We pay a tax to the inspectors and they let us go. If the law was observed, the coal transport would be paralyzed."He earns 200 euros a month, driving 12 hours a day. he only goes home "when the truck is being serviced".
China, Datong, 2006 - 2000 year celebrating monument in the city of Linfen, one of the ten most polluted cities in China.
China, Sancakou, 2006 - Private mine of Sancakou. It was closed in November 2006 because of an accident that killed two miners. Already closed in November 2005 for similar reasons, the mine had reopened a few months later. At every "definitive" closing, deals are made with inspectors to reopen the fastest. Because of the "hesitations" of local governments, and the "major economical importance" of the private mines, the closing of the most dangerous mines planned for 2008 was postponed by the central authorities.
China, Datong, 2006 - Power station of Datong, the "coal city" of China. Shanxi province produce 30% of China's coal.
China, Sancakou, 2006 - Private mine of Sancakou. It was closed in November 2006 because of an accident that killed two miners. Already closed in November 2005 for similar reasons, the mine had reopened a few months later. At every "definitive" closing, deals are made with inspectors to reopen the fastest. Because of the "hesitations" of local governments, and the "major economical importance" of the private mines, the closing of the most dangerous mines planned for 2008 was postponed by the central authorities.
China, Qijiagou, 2006 - Wu, 35. Miner of Qijiagou. An accident has killed 12 miners a month earlier. He survived. "I'm scared. I can't go down anymore. Here corruption reigns. Human life has no value, only profit counts." After the accident, the owner run away. Wu doesn't have money to go back to his wife and son in Sechuan.
China, Gujiao, 2006 - The coal mine in Gujiao. The mingongs, the worker - farmers coming from the poor region of China go down the mine for 150 euros per month. Not enought to build a real house around the "hole".  Without any social protection, without security inside the mine, they are the most exposed to the risk. The pollution of the factories is also a breathing disease factor. Xiu Yu Jun says : "before we were respected as miners, now we are the last on the social rank."
China, Linfen, 2006 - A worker in the steel factory of Linfen, one of the ten most polluted cities in China.
China, Datong, 2006 - Power station of Datong, the "coal city" of China.  Shanxi province produce 30% of China's coal.
China, Datong, 2006 - Datong State coal mine in the province of Sahnxi. Old heros of the maoist, the miners are now exploited in the mines of a China in constant growth, in a thirst of energy.
China, Taiyuan, 2006 - View of Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi province. The Shanxi province produce 30 % of China's coal.
China, Datong, 2006 - State coal mine in Datong in the province of Sahnxi. Monument to the glory of the miners. Old heros of the maoist, the miners are now exploited in the mines of a China in constant growth, in a thirst of energy.
China, Datong, 2006 - Miners rehearsing a Christmas show in the protestant church of the Datong coal mine.
China, Gujiao, 2006 - The coal mine in Gujiao. The mingongs, the worker - farmers coming from the poor region of China go down the mine for 150 euros per month. Not enought to build a real house around the "hole". Without any social protection, without security inside the mine, they are the most exposed to the risk. The pollution of the factories is also a breathing disease factor. Xiu Yu Jun says : "before we were respected as miners, now we are the last on the social rank."
China, Gujiao, 2006 - Gujiao, mining city. The salary of the migrant workers doesn't allow them to build a true house on the side of the 'hole'.  In the shantytowns with coal-black air and without running water and social protection, breathing deseases spread around and the houses fall down one after the other weekend by the galleries nibbling the mountain from the inside."In Mao's time, miners used to be heros. But now we're nothing." Xiu Yu Jun, miner.
China, Shiqianfeng, 2006 - Private mine of Shiqianfeng. Despite its banning, it continues to work. "The security conditions are minimum. we progress with dynamite. Everyday there are accidents with galleries falling down." Zhao, 31.
China, Linfen, 2006 - A worker of a steel factory tries to escape the air pollution of Linfen, one of the ten most polluted cities in China.
China, Datong, 2006 - State coal mine of Datong.
China, Shiqianfeng, 2006 - Private mine of Shiqianfeng.Despite its banning, it continues to work." The security conditions are minimum. we progress with dynamite. Everyday there are accidents with galleries falling down." Zhao, 31.
China, Beijing, 2006 - In Beijing railway station, a train is leaving to Datong.
China, Gujiao, 2006 - The coal mine in Gujiao. The mingongs, the worker - farmers coming from the poor region of China go down the mine for 150 euros per month. Not enought to build a real house around the "hole". Without any social protection, without security inside the mine, they are the most exposed to the risk. The pollution of the factories is also a breathing disease factor. Xiu Yu Jun says : "before we were respected as miners, now we are the last on the social rank."
China, Sancakou, 2006 - Private mine of Sancakou. It was closed in November 2006 because of an accident that killed two miners. Already closed in November 2005 for similar reasons, the mine had reopened a few months later. At every "definitive" closing, deals are made with inspectors to reopen the fastest. Because of the "hesitations" of local governments, and the "major economical importance" of the private mines, the closing of the most dangerous mines planned for 2008 was postponed by the central authorities.
China, Taiyuan, 2006 - View of Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi province. The Shanxi province produce 30 % of China's coal. Mr Li and his son bring a few pieces of coal to sell on the market.
China, 2006 - Coal mine.
China, Datong, 2006 - Yu and Yli, 36 and 40. They come from Guezhou. They used to cultivate rice and raise rabbits.To pay their son's school, they left to work at the mine, many kilometers far from their home.In this private mine, they earn between 60 to 100 euros per month but they can't put money aside.
China, Datong, 2006 - Miners rehearse a show for Christmas in the protestant church of the coal mine of datong.
China, Datong, 2006 - State coal mine in Datong. Elevator going down into the shaft.
China, Datong, 2006 - The coal trucks are queing to enter the power station of Datong, the "Coal city" of China. The Shanxi region produce more than 30 % of China's coal.
China, Datong, 2006 - A woman select wastes for recycling near the poxer station of Datong in Shanxi.Shanxi province produce more than 30% of China's coal.
China, Datong, 2006 - A woman select wastes for recycling near the poxer station of Datong in Shanxi.Shanxi province produce more than 30% of China's coal.
China, Datong, 2006 - The coal trucks are queing to enter the power station of Datong, the "Coal city" of China. The Shanxi region produce more than 30 % of China's coal.
China, Datong, 2006 - State coal mine in Datong. Elevator going down into the shaft.
China, Datong, 2006 - Miners rehearsing a Christmas show in the protestant church of the Datong coal mine.
China, Datong, 2006 - Mr Wang. He lost a leg in the mine. Without any compensation, or job, he steals the coal on the slag heaps of the state mine. With his father and wife, he gets out a hundred of kilos per day he sells to his neighbours. He earns a few euros per month.
China, Shanxi, 2006 - Tollgate in Shanxi.
China, Zhuang, 2006 - Zhuang, 31, migrant miner in a private mine of Hedizhen. He comes from Henan. His wife and daughter stayed there.He lives on the side of the road, on the side of the mine, on the side of the black stream."Every day I get down during 6 to 15 hours, without eating. I'm scared but I don't have the choice. It's fairly well paid, if I make enough hours staight off. But since the accident, my mine has been closed. The other miners left and the manager disappeared.I don't have money to leave, so I wait.".
China, Datong, 2006 - He comes from Guezhou.He used to cultivate rice and raise rabbits. To pay his son's school, he left to work at the mine, many kilometers far from his home. In this private mine, he earns between 60 to 100 euros per month.
China, Taiyuan, 2006 - View of Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi province. The Shanxi province produce 30 % of China's coal.
China, Taiyuan, 2006 - View of Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi province. The Shanxi province produce 30 % of China's coal. Mr Li and his son bring few pieces of coal to sell on the market.
China, Datong, 2006 - Mr Wang. He lost a leg in the mine. Without any compensation, or job, he steals the coal on the slag heaps of the state mine. With his father and wife, he gets out a hundred of kilos per day he sells to his neighbours. He earns a few euros per month.
China, Xintang, May 2011 - In this expanding Chinese city, similar to thousands others, new districts are being built, fashioned in very straight lines.
China, Xintang, May 2011 - Hai Mao, a big weaving mill.
China, Xintang, May 2011 - Wushi district. Da Dun industrial estate.All day and during a part of the night, these communities used to gather to shell corn. Nowadays, they cut the threads that overhang from the seams thanks to tiny scissors. New jobs have appeared, attracting thousands of women and even children. A lot of these women workers used to be farmers. Jeans are the modern agriculture.
China, Xintang, May 2011 - They work 12 hours a day, seven days a week and have only one afternoon off in a month, on pay day.
China, Xintang, May 2011 - She works 12 hours a day, seven days a week and have only one afternoon off in a month, on pay day.
China, Xintang, May 2011 - They work 12 hours a day, seven days a week and have only one afternoon off in a month, on pay day.
China, Xintang, May 2011In the big industrial estate of Xi Zhou, the cleaning factories are numerous. The partial filtering of waste awater does not eliminate everything, and the very polluting discharges of heavy metals have been proved: manganese, cadmium (up to 128 times the authorized dose), mercury, chromium, lead... When we pretend to be costumers worried about antipollution standards respect, the answer is plain: "We could respect them, but it would be more expensive. We can make other arrangements." All of Xi Zhou is bathed in a bluish vapour. 200 000 of the 700 000 inhabitants of Xingtang are migrant workers, the mingongs. Easily exploitable, they form the "first line", the one that gets through the hardest works and the most dangerous for health.Chine, Xintang, mai 2011Dans la gigantesque zone industrielle de Xi Zhou, les usines de lavage se succèdent les unes aux autres. Le filtrage partiel des eaux usées n’élimine pas tout et les rejets très polluants de métaux lourds sont attestés : manganèse, cadmium (jusqu’à 128 fois la dose acceptable), mercure, chrome, plomb… D’ailleurs, quand nous faisant passer pour des clients inquiets du respect des normes antipollution, la réponse est claire "On peut les respecter, mais ça va coûter plus cher. On peut s’arranger autrement." Toute la zone de Xi Zhou baigne dans une vapeur bleutée.Les mingongs, travailleurs migrants, sont 200 000 sur les 700 000 habitants de Xingtang. Corvéables, ils forment la « première ligne », celle qui abat les tâches les plus pénibles et donc les plus dangereuses pour la santé. Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Xintang, May 2011 - In the big industrial estate of Xi Zhou, the cleaning factories are numerous. The partial filtering of waste awater does not eliminate everything, and the very polluting discharges of heavy metals have been proved: manganese, cadmium (up to 128 times the authorized dose), mercury, chromium, lead... When we pretend to be costumers worried about antipollution standards respect, the answer is plain: "We could respect them, but it would be more expensive. We can make other arrangements." All of Xi Zhou is bathed in a bluish vapour. 200 000 of the 700 000 inhabitants of Xingtang are migrant workers, the mingongs. Easily exploitable, they form the "first line", the one that gets through the hardest works and the most dangerous for health.
China, Xintang, May 2011 - In the big industrial estate of Xi Zhou, the cleaning factories are numerous. The partial filtering of waste awater does not eliminate everything, and the very polluting discharges of heavy metals have been proved: manganese, cadmium (up to 128 times the authorized dose), mercury, chromium, lead... When we pretend to be costumers worried about antipollution standards respect, the answer is plain: "We could respect them, but it would be more expensive. We can make other arrangements." All of Xi Zhou is bathed in a bluish vapour. 200 000 of the 700 000 inhabitants of Xingtang are migrant workers, the mingongs. Easily exploitable, they form the "first line", the one that gets through the hardest works and the most dangerous for health.
China, Xintang, May 2011 - On the main road is the "International textile center of Cowboys in Xintang" because in Chinese, jeans are called cowboy trousers.Over the aisles, jeans wholesaler, tissue sellers, price tags and logos manufacturers workshops, enough to produce all the fake Levi's, Diesel or Dior jeans in the world.
China, Xintang, May 2011 - On the main road is the "International textile center of Cowboys in Xintang" because in Chinese, jeans are called cowboy trousers. Over the aisles, jeans wholesaler, tissue sellers, price tags and logos manufacturers workshops, enough to produce all the fake Levi's, Diesel or Dior jeans in the world.
Belgium, Charleroi, July 1993 - The Factory; steel and coal.
France, 21 March 2009 - What would be a faceless world ?
China, Taiyuan, 2006
View of Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi province. The Shanxi province produce 30 % of China's coal. Mr Li and his son bring few pieces of coal to sell on the market.

China, Taiyuan, 2006
Taiyuan, capitale du Shanxi. Mr Li et son fils tentent de s'en sortir en récuperant quelques morceaux de charbons pour les revendre sur les marchés.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Taiyuan, 2006
View of Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi province. The Shanxi province produce 30 % of China's coal.

China, Taiyuan, 2006
Vue de Tayiuan, capitale de la province du Shanxi. Le Shanxi produit trente pour cent du charbon chinois. C'est aussi une des régions les plus polluées.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Datong, 2006
He comes from Guezhou.
He used to cultivate rice and raise rabbits.
To pay his son's school, he left to work at the mine, many kilometers far from his home.
In this private mine, he earns between 60 to 100 euros per month.

Chine, Datong, 2006
Il est mineur dans une mine privée de Datong. Il vient du Guezhou.
Avant il faisait pousser du riz et élevait des lapins.
Pour payer l'école de son fils il est parti travailler à la mine à plusieurs milliers de kilomètres de chez lui.
Dans cette mine privée, il gagne entre 60 et 100 euros par mois.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Zhuang, 2006
Zhuang, 31, migrant miner in a private mine of Hedizhen. He comes from Henan. His wife and daughter stayed there.
He lives on the side of the road, on the side of the mine, on the side of the black stream.
"Every day I get down during 6 to 15 hours, without eating. I'm scared but I don't have the choice. It's fairly well paid, if I make enough hours staight off.
But since the accident, my mine has been closed. The other miners left and the manager disappeared.
I don't have money to leave, so I wait."

China, Zhuang, 2006
Zhuang, 31 ans, mineur migrant dans une mine privée de Hedizhen. Il vient du Henan. Sa femme et sa fille sont restées là-bas. Il vit au bord de la route, au bord de la mine, au bord d'un ruisseau noir.
"Chaque jour, je descends pendant 6 à 15 heures, sans manger. J'ai peur, mais je n'ai pas le choix.
C'est assez bien payé, si je fais assez d'heures d'affilée. Mais depuis l'accident, ma mine a été fermée, les autres mineurs sont partis et le patron a disparu. Je n'ai pas d'argent pour partir alors j'attends".

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Datong, 2006
Mr Wang. He lost a leg in the mine. Without any compensation, or job, he steals the coal on the slag heaps of the state mine. With his father and wife, he gets out a hundred of kilos per day he sells to his neighbours.
He earns a few euros per month.

Chine, Datong, 2006
Mr Wang. Il a perdu une jambe dans la mine. Il ne reçoit pas d'indemnités, et n'a plus de travail, alors il vole le charbon sur les terrils de la mine qui appartient à l'état. Avec son père et sa femme, il en sort 100 kilos par jour et les vend à ses voisins. Il ne gagne que quelques euros par mois.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Datong, 2006
State coal mine in Datong. Elevator going down into the shaft.

Chine, Datong, 2006
Mine de Charbon d'état de Datong. Ascenseur descendant dans le puit de la mine.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Datong, 2006
The coal trucks are queing to enter the power station of Datong, the "Coal city" of China. The Shanxi region produce more than 30 % of China's coal.

Chine, Datong, 2006
Les camions de charbon font la queue pour livrer leur matière première à la centrale thermique de Datong.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Datong, 2006
 A woman select wastes for recycling near the poxer station of Datong in Shanxi.
Shanxi province produce more than 30% of China's coal.

China, Datong, 2006
Tri des déchets devant la centrale électrique de Datong dans la province du Shanxi.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Datong, 2006
The coal trucks are queing to enter the power station of Datong, the "Coal city" of China. The Shanxi region produce more than 30 % of China's coal.

Chine, Datong, 2006
Les camions de charbon font la queue pour livrer leur matière première à la centrale thermique de Datong.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Taiyuan, 2006
View of Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi province. The Shanxi province produce 30 % of China's coal. Mr Li and his son bring a few pieces of coal to sell on the market.

China, Taiyuan, 2006
Taiyuan, capitale du Shanxi. Mr Li et son fils tentent de s'en sortir en récuperant quelques morceaux de charbons pour les revendre sur les marchés.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Beijing, 2006
In Beijing railway station, a train is leaving to Datong.

Chine, Pékin, 2006
Dans la gare de Pékin, un train est en partance pour Datong, la région minière.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Shiqianfeng, 2006
Private mine of Shiqianfeng.
Despite its banning, it continues to work.
"The security conditions are minimum. we progress with dynamite. Everyday there are accidents with galleries falling down." Zhao, 31.

China, Shiqianfeng, 2006
Mine privée de Shiqianfeng.
Frappée d'interdiction, la mine continue à opérer.
Zhao, 31 ans : "Les conditions de sécurité sont minimales. On avance à la dynamite. Il y a tous les jours des accidents, des galeries qui s'effondrent.
Le charbon est porté à dos d'homme... Je me suis fait avoir, on m'avait dit que tout était automatisé. Mais en fait chaque jour je risque ma vie. Je suis obligé de rester, je n'ai pas assez d'argent pour rentrer chez moi."

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Datong, 2006
State coal mine of Datong.

China, Datong, 2006
Mines de Charbon d'Etat de Datong dans la province su Shanxi.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Linfen, 2006
A worker of a steel factory tries to escape the air pollution of Linfen, one of the ten most polluted cities in China.

China, Linfen, 2006
Une ouvrière de l'usine sidérurgique de Linfen tente d'échapper à la pollution à l'aide d'un masque

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Sancakou, 2006
Private mine of Sancakou.
It was closed in November 2006 because of an accident that killed two miners.
Already closed in November 2005 for similar reasons, the mine had reopened a few months later.
At every "definitive" closing, deals are made with inspectors to reopen the fastest. 
Because of the "hesitations" of local governments, and the "major economical importance" of the private mines, the closing of the most dangerous mines planned for 2008 was postponed by the central authorities.

China, Sancakou, 2006
Mine privée de Sancakou.
Elle a été fermée en novembre 2006 à cause d'un accident qui a tué 2 mineurs. 
Déjà fermée en novembre 2005 pour des raisons similaires, la mine a réouvert quelques mois plus tard. A chaque fermeture "définitive", des marchés sont passés avec les inspecteurs pour permettre une réouverture rapide.
A cause des "hésitations" des gouvernements locaux, et de l'importance économique majoritaire de ces mines privées, la fermeture des mines les plus dangereuses prévue pour 2008 a été repoussée par les autorités.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Gujiao, 2006
Gujiao, mining city.
The salary of the migrant workers doesn't allow them to build a true house on the side of the 'hole'.  
In the shantytowns with coal-black air and without running water and social protection, breathing deseases spread around and the houses fall down one after the other weakend by the galleries nibbling the mountain from the inside.
"In Mao's time, miners used to be heros. But now we're nothing." Xiu Yu Jun, miner.

Chine, Gujiao, 2006
Gujiao, ville minière.
Le salaire des ouvriers migrants ne leur permet pas de se construire une vraie maison au bord du "trou".
Dans les bidonvilles à l'air charbonneux, sans eau courante et sans protection sociale, les maladies respiratoires prolifèrent et les maisons s'effondrent une à une, fragilisées par les galeries rongeant la montagne de l'intérieur.
Du temps de Mao, en tant que mineur, nous étions des héros, mais aujourd'hui, nous ne sommes plus rien".
Xiu Yu Jun. Mineur.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Gujiao, 2006
The coal mine in Gujiao. The mingongs, the worker - farmers coming from the poor region of China go down the mine for 150 euros per month. Not enought to build a real house around the "hole". Without any social protection, without security inside the mine, they are the most exposed to the risk. The pollution of the factories is also a breathing disease factor.
Xiu Yu Jun says : "before we were respected as miners, now we are the last on the social rank."

China, Gujiao, 2006
Gujiao, ville minière. Le salaire des ouvriers migrants ne leur permet pas de se construire une vraie maison au bord du "trou".
Dans les bidonvilles à l'air charbonneux, sans eau courante et sans protection sociale, les maladies respiratoires prolifèrent et les maisons s'effondrent une à une, fragilisées par les galeries rongeant la montagne de l'intérieur. 
"Du temps de Mao, en tant que mineur, nous étions des héros, mais aujourd'hui, nous ne sommes plus rien". Xiu Yu Jun, mineur.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Datong, 2006
State coal mine in Datong in the province of Sahnxi. Monument to the glory of the miners. Old heros of the maoist, the miners are now exploited in the mines of a China in constant growth, in a thirst of energy.

China, Datong, 2006
Mine de Charbon d'Etat de Datong dans la province du Sahnxi. Monument à la gloire des mineurs. Anciens héros de la dictature maoïste, les mineurs sont aujourd'hui exploités dans les mines d'une Chine en pleine croissance, assoiffée d'énergie.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Datong, 2006
Power station of Datong, the "coal city" of China.  Shanxi province produce 30% of China's coal.

China, Datong, 2006
Centrale électrique de Datong dans la province du Shanxi. Le charbon produit par les mines du Shanxi alimente trente pour cent des centrales thermique du pays dont la  croissance demande des ressources énergétiques d'ampleur.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Qijiagou, 2006
Wu, 35. Miner of Qijiagou. An accident has killed 12 miners a month earlier. He survived. 
"I'm scared. I can't go down anymore. Here corruption reigns. Human life has no value, only profit counts." 
After the accident, the owner run away. 
Wu doens't have money to go back to his wife and son in Sechuan.

China, Qijiagou, 2006
Wu, 35 ans. Mineur de Qijiagou. Un accident a fait douze morts le mois dernier. Il en a réchappé. "J'ai peur. Je ne veux plus descendre. Ici la corruption règne. La vie humaine n'a aucune valeur, seul le profit compte." Après l'accident, les propriétaires ont fuis. Il n'a pas døargent pour rentrer au Sechuan retrouver sa femme et son fils.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Sancakou, 2006
Private mine of Sancakou.
It was closed in November 2006 because of an accident that killed two miners.
Already closed in November 2005 for similar reasons, the mine had reopened a few months later.
At every "definitive" closing, deals are made with inspectors to reopen the fastest. 
Because of the "hesitations" of local governments, and the "major economical importance" of the private mines, the closing of the most dangerous mines planned for 2008 was postponed by the central authorities.

China, Sancakou, 2006
Mine privée de Sancakou.
Elle a été fermée en novembre 2006 à cause d'un accident qui a tué 2 mineurs. 
Déjà fermée en novembre 2005 pour des raisons similaires, la mine a réouvert quelques mois plus tard. A chaque fermeture "définitive", des marchés sont passés avec les inspecteurs pour permettre une réouverture rapide.
A cause des "hésitations" des gouvernements locaux, et de l'importance économique majoritaire de ces mines privées, la fermeture des mines les plus dangereuses prévue pour 2008 a été repoussée par les autorités.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Datong, 2006
Power station of Datong, the "coal city" of China.  Shanxi province produce 30% of China's coal.

China, Datong, 2006
Centrale électrique de Datong dans la province du Shanxi. Le charbon produit par les mines du Shanxi alimente trente pour cent des centrales thermique du pays dont la  croissance demande des ressources énergétiques d'ampleur.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU
China, Datong, 2006
2000 year celebrating monument in the city of Linfen, one of the ten most polluted cities in China.

China, Datong, 2006
Monument à la gloire de l'an 2000 à Linfen, une des dix villes les plus polluées de Chine.

Samuel Bollendorff / Agence VU

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    Comment nous utilisons les cookies

    Nous pouvons demander que les cookies soient mis en place sur votre appareil. Nous utilisons des cookies pour nous faire savoir quand vous visitez nos sites Web, comment vous interagissez avec nous, pour enrichir votre expérience utilisateur, et pour personnaliser votre relation avec notre site Web.

    Cliquez sur les différentes rubriques de la catégorie pour en savoir plus. Vous pouvez également modifier certaines de vos préférences. Notez que le blocage de certains types de cookies peut avoir une incidence sur votre expérience sur nos sites Web et les services que nous sommes en mesure d'offrir.

    Cookies Web Essentiels

    Ces cookies sont strictement nécessaires pour vous délivrer les services disponibles sur notre site et pour utiliser certaines de ses fonctionnalités.

    Du fait que ces cookies sont absolument nécessaires au fonctionnement du site, les refuser aura un impact sur son fonctionnement. Vous pouvez toujours bloquer ou effacer les cookies via les options de votre navigateur et forcer le blocage des cookies sur ce site. Mais le message concernant votre consentement reviendra à chaque nouvelle visite.

    Nous respectons votre choix de refuser les cookies mais pour éviter de vous le demander à chaque page laissez nous en utiliser un pour mémoriser ce choix. Vous êtes libre de revenir sur ce choix quand vous voulez et le modifier pour améliorer votre expérience de navigation. Si vous refusez les cookies nous retirerons tous ceux issus de ce domaine.

    Nous vous fournissons une liste de cookies déposés sur votre ordinateur via notre domaine, vous pouvez ainsi voir ce qui y est stocké. Pour des raisons de sécurité nous ne pouvons montrer ou afficher les cookies externes d'autres domaines. Ceux-ci sont accessibles via les options de votre navigateur.

    Cookies Google Analytics

    Ces cookies collectent des informations de manière compilée pour nous aider à comprendre comment notre site est utilisé et combien son performantes nos actions marketing, ou pour nous aider à personnaliser notre site afin d'améliorer votre expérience de navigation.

    Si vous ne souhaitez pas que votre visite soit pistée sur notre site vous pouvez bloquer ce pistage dans votre navigateur ici :

    Autres services externes

    Nous utilisons également différents services externes comme Google Webfonts, Google Maps, autres hébergeurs de vidéo. Depuis que ces FAI sont susceptibles de collecter des données personnelles comme votre adresse IP nous vous permettons de les bloquer ici. merci de prendre conscience que cela peut hautement réduire certaines fonctionnalités de notre site. Les changement seront appliqués après rechargement de la page.

    Réglages des polices Google :

    Réglages Google Map :

    Réglages reCAPTCHA :

    Intégrations de vidéo Vimeo et Youtube :

    Autres cookies

    Les cookies suivants sont également requis - Vous pouvez choisir d'autoriser leur utilisation :

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